Systcold JDC › Technical compressor catalogue
Refrigerant regulation for installers
Free information for installers: which gases can no longer be recharged, how much each kilo costs in tax, which gas to change to and what must be readjusted in the system. Every legal statement has its source; capacity figures are theoretical (CoolProp) and do not replace manufacturer data.
Reviewed on 25/10/2026
EU Regulation 2024/573 timeline
1/1/2025 · Refrigeration: servicing and maintenance with virgin gas of GWP ≥ 2500 is banned, whatever the charge. Recovered or recycled gas (labelled, used by the company that recovered it) is allowed until 1/1/2030.
1/1/2026 · Air conditioning and heat pumps: servicing with virgin gas of GWP ≥ 2500 is banned. Recovered or recycled gas allowed until 1/1/2032.
1/1/2032 · Refrigeration (except chillers): servicing with virgin gas of GWP ≥ 750 is banned.
12/3/2027 · Certification: the certificate obligation for companies applies from this date. Certificates also cover CO₂, ammonia and hydrocarbons (types A1, A2, B, C, D, E).
12/3/2029 · Holders of Regulation 517/2014 certificates must complete a refresher course or assessment. Recertification at least every 7 years.
Gases, safety class, GWP and Spanish tax
Spanish fluorinated gas tax (Law 16/2013, amended by Law 7/2022): €0.015 × GWP per kg, capped at €100/kg; gases with GWP ≤ 150 are not taxed. Indicative amount: always check current law.
| Gas | Class | GWP | Tax €/kg | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-22 📈 | A1 | 1810 | 27,15 | Prohibido producción países Anexo I; fase out global |
| R-134a 📈 | A1 | 1430 | 21,45 | Restringido UE F-Gas 2024; fase out gradual global |
| R-404A 📈 | A1/A2L | 3922 | 58,83 | Alto GWP; prohibido equipos nuevos UE desde 2022 |
| R-410A 📈 | A1 | 2088 | 31,32 | Prohibido nuevos sistemas residenciales UE 2025 |
| R-507A 📈 | A1 | 3985 | 59,78 | Prohibido equipos nuevos UE; mismo GWP ~4000 |
| R-32 📈 | A2L | 675 | 10,13 | Aprobado; bajo GWP; ligera inflamabilidad A2L |
| R-448A 📈 | A1 | 1387 | 20,81 | Aprobado; GWP inferior; recomendado por UE |
| R-449A 📈 | A1 | 1397 | 20,96 | Aprobado; cumple F-Gas UE fase 1 |
| R-452A 📈 | A2L | 2141 | 32,12 | Aprobado con precauciones A2L |
| R-407C 📈 | A1 | 1774 | 26,61 | GWP alto; restricciones futuras UE |
| R-717 📈 | B2L | 0 | 0,00 | Sin restricciones GWP; ATEX requerido |
| R-744 📈 | A1 | 1 | 0,00 | Transcrítico: alta presión (>120 bar); regulación favorable |
| R-600a 📈 | A3 | 3 | 0,00 | Inflamable clase A3; cantidades ≤150g |
| R-290 📈 | A3 | 3 | 0,00 | Inflamable clase A3; cantidades ≤500g HVAC |
| R-513A 📈 | A1 | 631 | 9,47 | Aprobado; GWP~630; recomendado por UE |
| R-454B 📈 | A2L | 466 | 6,99 | Aprobado equipos nuevos; Honeywell Solstice® 454B |
| R-1234yf 📈 | A2L | 4 | 0,00 | Obligatorio automoción UE desde 2017 |
| R-1234ze 📈 | A2L | 7 | 0,00 | Aprobado chillers alta eficiencia |
| R-422D 📈 | A1 | 2729 | 40,94 | Obsolescencia gradual; GWP alto |
| R-417A 📈 | A1 | 2346 | 35,19 | Obsolescencia gradual; GWP alto |
Substitutes and capacity loss
Same compressor (same swept volume). Medium temperature: Te −10 / Tc 45 °C; low: Te −35 / Tc 40 °C; 10 K superheat; Te and Tc at dew point (EN 12900 catalogue convention). For gliding blends, if condensing is measured at bubble point the real loss can be 4–6 points higher. Theoretical Systcold calculation with CoolProp.
| Change | Type | Capacity MT | Capacity LT | Discharge MT | What to readjust |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| R-22 → R-407C A1 | Indirect (changes required) | -9 % | -18 % | -10 K |
|
| R-134a → R-513A A1 | Direct (drop-in) | +1 % | +4 % | -6 K |
|
| R-134a → R-1234yf A2L | Indirect (changes required) | -6 % | -3 % | -10 K |
|
| R-404A → R-448A A1 | Direct (drop-in) | +1 % | -2 % | +9 K |
|
| R-404A → R-449A A1 | Direct (drop-in) | +1 % | -2 % | +8 K |
|
| R-404A → R-452A A2L | Direct (drop-in) | -1 % | -3 % | +0 K |
|
| R-410A → R-32 A2L | Indirect (changes required) | +13 % | +15 % | +22 K |
|
| R-410A → R-454B A2L | Indirect (changes required) | -2 % | -2 % | +6 K |
|
| R-507A → R-448A A1 | Direct (drop-in) | +0 % | -5 % | +10 K |
|
| R-507A → R-452A A2L | Direct (drop-in) | -3 % | -6 % | +0 K |
|
| R-507A → R-449A A1 | Indirect (changes required) | -1 % | -5 % | +9 K |
|
| R-449A → R-448A A1 | Indirect (changes required) | +0 % | +0 % | +1 K |
|
| R-452A → R-448A A1 | Indirect (changes required) | +3 % | +1 % | +9 K |
|
| R-422D → R-22 A1 | Direct (drop-in) | +24 % | +38 % | +23 K |
|
| R-422D → R-407C A1 | Indirect (changes required) | +12 % | +14 % | +13 K |
|
| R-422D → R-417A A1 | Indirect (changes required) | -9 % | -11 % | +1 K |
|
| R-417A → R-22 A1 | Direct (drop-in) | +36 % | +54 % | +22 K |
|
| R-417A → R-407C A1 | Indirect (changes required) | +23 % | +27 % | +13 K |
|
A2L refrigerants as a solution
- Compressor and components approved by their manufacturer for the chosen A2L gas.
- No ignition sources in the potential leak area; suitable electrical equipment (EN 378 / national rules).
- Maximum refrigerant charge allowed for the room and its occupancy (EN 378).
- Leak detection and ventilation where the charge requires it.
- Technician trained in flammable refrigerants; equipment labelling.
FAQ
How much capacity do I lose changing R-22 to R-407C?
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives -9 % at medium temperature and -18 % at low temperature.
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives -9 % at medium temperature and -18 % at low temperature.
How much capacity do I lose changing R-134a to R-513A?
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives +1 % at medium temperature and +4 % at low temperature.
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives +1 % at medium temperature and +4 % at low temperature.
How much capacity do I lose changing R-134a to R-1234yf?
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives -6 % at medium temperature and -3 % at low temperature.
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives -6 % at medium temperature and -3 % at low temperature.
How much capacity do I lose changing R-404A to R-448A?
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives +1 % at medium temperature and -2 % at low temperature.
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives +1 % at medium temperature and -2 % at low temperature.
How much capacity do I lose changing R-404A to R-449A?
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives +1 % at medium temperature and -2 % at low temperature.
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives +1 % at medium temperature and -2 % at low temperature.
How much capacity do I lose changing R-404A to R-452A?
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives -1 % at medium temperature and -3 % at low temperature.
With the same compressor, the theoretical Systcold calculation gives -1 % at medium temperature and -3 % at low temperature.
How much Spanish tax does R-22 pay?
€27.15 per kg (€0.015 × GWP 1810).
€27.15 per kg (€0.015 × GWP 1810).
How much Spanish tax does R-134a pay?
€21.45 per kg (€0.015 × GWP 1430).
€21.45 per kg (€0.015 × GWP 1430).
How much Spanish tax does R-404A pay?
€58.83 per kg (€0.015 × GWP 3922).
€58.83 per kg (€0.015 × GWP 3922).
How much Spanish tax does R-410A pay?
€31.32 per kg (€0.015 × GWP 2088).
€31.32 per kg (€0.015 × GWP 2088).
Sources
- Guía AREA del Reglamento (UE) 2024/573 (ES, 2024)
- INTARCON · F-Gas 2024, revisión del Reglamento 517/2014
- Reglamento (UE) 2024/573 en el BOE
- Garrigues · reforma del impuesto sobre gases fluorados (Ley 7/2022)
- Real Decreto 552/2019 · Reglamento de seguridad para instalaciones frigoríficas (BOE)
- Guía de refrigerantes A2L
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